The first kindergarten in the US was founded in Watertown, Wisconsin, in 1856, and was conducted in German by Margaretha Meyer-Schurz. Later, women trained by Fröbel opened kindergartens throughout Europe and around the world.

In 1840 the well-connected educator Emily Ronalds was the first British person to study Fröbel's approach and he urged her to transplant his kindergarten concepts in England. Around 1873, Caroline Wiseneder's method for teaching instrumental music to young children was adopted by the national kindergarten movement in Germany. Fröbel introduced an educational environment into his school, in contrast to other earlier infant establishments, and is therefore credited with the creation of kindergartens. He renamed his institute Kindergarten (meaning 'garden of children') on June 28, 1840, reflecting his belief that children should be nurtured and nourished 'like plants in a garden'. The idea became popular among the nobility and the middle class and was copied throughout the Kingdom of Hungary.Ĭreation of the kindergarten Friedrich Fröbel was one of the most influential founders of kindergartens, and he coined the name in 1840.įriedrich Fröbel (1782–1852) opened a 'play and activity' institute in 1837, in the village of Bad Blankenburg, in the principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Thuringia, as an experimental social experience for children entering school. In 1836 she established an institute for the foundation of preschool centers. He also wrote The Infant System, for developing the physical, intellectual, and moral powers of all children from 1 to seven years of age.Ĭountess Theresa Brunszvik (1775–1861), who had known and been influenced by Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, was influenced by this example to open an Angyalkert ('angel garden' in Hungarian) on May 27, 1828, in her residence in Buda, the first of eleven care centers that she founded for young children.

He began working for the Infant School Society the next year, informing others about his views. In 1823, Wilderspin published On the Importance of Educating the Infant Poor, based on the school. He is credited with inventing the playground. Play was an important part of Wilderspin's system of education. He published many works on the subject, and his work became the model for infant schools throughout England and further afield. Samuel Wilderspin opened his first infant school in London in 1819, and went on to establish hundreds more. His system was successful in producing obedient children with basic literacy and numeracy. In conjunction with his venture for cooperative mills, Owen wanted the children to be given a good moral education so that they would be fit for work. In 1816, Robert Owen, a philosopher and pedagogue, opened the first British and probably globally the first infants school in New Lanark, Scotland. In 1802, Princess Pauline zur Lippe established a preschool center in Detmold, the capital of the then principality of Lippe, Germany (now in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia). At about the same time, in 1780, similar infant establishments were created in Bavaria. In 1779, Johann Friedrich Oberlin and Louise Scheppler founded in Strasbourg an early establishment for caring for and educating preschool children whose parents were absent during the day. History Kindergarten in Amsterdam 1880, by Max Liebermann Kindergarten, by Johann Sperl, circa 1885 Early years and development Today, the term is used in many countries to describe a variety of educational institutions and learning spaces for children ranging from two to six years of age, based on a variety of teaching methods. The term was coined by German pedagogue Friedrich Fröbel, whose approach globally influenced early-years education. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th century in Germany, Bavaria and Alsace to serve children whose parents both worked outside home. Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school.

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